Understanding the Ramachandran Plot: A Window into Protein Structure

Figure. The Ramachandran plot illustrating the sterically allowed and disallowed regions for backbone dihedral angles (φ and ψ) in proteins. The most favorable regions correspond to α-helices (bottom left) and β-sheets (top left), where atomic clashes are minimized.

Mr. Galviati, CC BY-SA 4.0 <https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0>, via Wikimedia Commons